Northwest
Michigan Pheasants Forever
862 West US 10
Scottville, MI 49454
August,
1997 Newsletter
Features:
Wetland Partnerships
| Habitat
Program Expanding | What Are Warm-Season Grasses?
| What is the difference between warm and cool-season
grasses? |
Why are native grasses important to wildlife?| What
are forbs? |
Wetland Partnerships
Technical and financial assistance for wetland restoration
projects is available through "Partners For Wildlife", a program administered
by the Fish and Wildlife Service. The Fish and Wildlife Service forms wildlife
habitat development partnerships with local landowners, Conservation Districts
and other cooperating organizations like Pheasants Forever and Ducks Unlimited.
The aim of the program is to enhance habitat through the restoration of
previously drained wetlands. Restoration may also include the re-establishment
of native upland grass and forb species to improve nesting, brood rearing
and winter cover for waterfowl, upland game birds and other wildlife species.
Landowners interested in participating in the program
should contact the Conservation District office to schedule a site visit
to determine project feasibility. If practical, a plan is developed and
Habitat Development Agreement is signed. Contractor and materials costs
are normally covered 100% by the Fish and Wildlife Service. Seed costs
are often covered by other cooperating groups like Pheasants Forever.
Five wetland restoration projects were completed under
this program in July. The sites were located in Victory and Hamlin Townships.
The Conservation District developed the restoration plans, secured prices
for excavation from several contractors, hired a contractor, supervised
construction and seeding, and paid the contractor. The landowner is responsible
for maintaining the site. Maintenance would include mowing the dikes annually
and mowing or burning adjacent grasslands every five years.
Habitat Program Expanding!
Lynda Herremans
Habitat Committee Co-chair
Most of this year's seed distribution took place during Mason-Lake Conservation
District's Tree Day on April 18. Fifty individuals (up from 35 in 1996)
picked up 150 bags of various seed types for wildlife food and cover plantings.
Pheasant Forever plantings this year cover approximately 330 acres (up
from 250 acres last year) and include the following acres: corn - 130,
forage sorghum - 90, Kansas Mix - 50, Michigan Mix - 30, and switchgrass
- 30.
Again this year, the quality of plots varies a great deal. However,
the corn looks much better this year. The Michigan Mix, a brand new mix
offered by Pheasants Forever in Michigan, looks promising. This food mix
includes corn, millet, sunflowers and buckwheat and is best planted next
to cover plots. It is very competitive with weeds, making it especially
beneficial as a wildlife planting. Weeds again were a problem in many plantings
especially summer annual grasses (like crabgrass). These are very difficult
to control without residual herbicides. The forage and grain sorghum (Kansas
Mix) plots, are very spotty and the look quite short even in the better
plots. We will look at these again later this summer to see how they fare.
Try to attend our field trip on August 11 and check out some of these plots
for yourself! Switchgrass, a perennial, was planted by 8 individuals on
30 acres. Acres enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) made
up 14 acres of these new seedings. Switchgrass is slow to establish, although
some of the acreage is looking very good already.
It is important to contact me this month at 757-3708 with your seed
requests. Our chapter has to have requests to National Pheasants Forever
September 1. We will try to provide a variety of seed types depending on
what is available to us. We would like to again provide switchgrass and
possibly wildflowers but may have to limit these because of the price to
the chapter. (Due to high demand, switchgrass went from $3.50/lb. in the
spring of '96 to $12.00/lb. in '97! We have not received a price for '98
yet.) Please take the time to fill out and return the surveyenclosed in
this newsletter so I will have your requests in hand!
What Are Warm-Season Grasses?
Warm-season grasses, also called native or prairie grasses, at one time
grew abundantly over much of the Midwest. There is much interest in re-establishing
these grasses because of their many benefits to wildlife. Warm-season perennial
grasses include switchgrass, indiangrass, big and little blue stem.
What is the difference between
warm and cool-season grasses?
These grasses differ considerably in growth characteristics. Cool-season
grasses like quackgrass and smooth bromegrass make most of their growth
prior to June 1. If allowed to grow they mature by mid-June. Warm-season
grasses make most of their growth after June 1 and do not mature until
August. Warm season grasses require a longer period for establishment.
They are very deep-rooted which makes them very drought resistant once
established. This is one reason these grasses do not appear to be growing
their first season - they are putting on growth underground!
Why are native grasses important
to wildlife?
Native grasses provide nesting, feeding, loafing and winter cover for numerous
wildlife species. The growth pattern (in clumps) produces a higher percentage
of bare ground then legume hay fields allowing freedom of movement and
providing "dusting" spots for birds. Native grasses provide 2-4 feet of
tall, stiff stemmed cover that holds up throughout the winter, even during
heavy snowfall and wind. When cutting these warm-season grasses for hay,
they are cut in July rather than June as in legumegrass fields, so nesting
birds are not disturbed.
What are forbs?
Forbs are wildflowers that are often added to native grass mixtures to
provide a food source for wildlife. Insects attracted to them provide a
protein source to growing chicks. They also add beauty and color to these
plantings.
More information on warm-season grasses and their management will be provided
in our next newsletter!
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